CBRN
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CBRN is an acronym for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear. It is in common use worldwide, to refer to incidents or weapons in which any of these four hazards have presented themselves. The term CBRN is a replacement for the cold war term NBC (Nuclear, Biological and Chemical) which has replaced the term ABC (atomic, biological and chemical) that was used in the fifties. The addition of the R (for radiological) is a consequence of the 'new'threat of a radiological weapon (also known as the 'poor man's atomic bomb). The new millennium introduced a replacement term for CBRN: CBRNe. The e in this term, represents the (improvised) explosives threat.[1]
CBRN defense (CBRND) is used in reference to CBRN passive protection, contamination avoidance and CBRN mitigation.
CBRN weapons/agents, are often referred to as WMD *Weapon_of_mass_destruction. However, this is not entirely correct. Although CBRNe agents often cause mass destruction, this is not necessarily the case. Terrorist use of CBRNe agents may cause a limited number of casualties, but a large terrorizing and disruption of society. Terrorist use of CBRNe agents, intended to cause terror instead of mass casualties, is therefore often referred to as weapons of mass disruption.[2]
CBRNE is the acronym for chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives.
A CBRN incident differs from a hazardous material incident in both effect scope (i.e., CBRNE can be a mass casualty situation) and in intent. CBRN incidents are responded to under the assumption that they are deliberate, malicious acts with the intention to kill, sicken and/or disrupt society. Evidence preservation and perpetrator apprehension are of greater concern with CBRN incidents than with HAZMAT incidents.
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[edit] Canada
The term is in common use in disaster and emergency services organizations across the country.[3]Since July 2005, the Canadian Forces also started using the term CBRN Defence, instead of NBC Defence, due to the increased threat of dirty bomb use (which are radiological in nature). CBRNE is a new term that is being used in both civilian and military organisations.
[edit] United Kingdom
CBRN is also used by the UK Home Office as a civil designation.[4]. Police, Fire and Ambulance services in the UK must all have some level of CBRN providers.
The term CBRN has replaced NBC in the UK armed forces[5]
[edit] United States
[edit] USMC
The U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) use it as an initialism for their 5711 and 5702 military occupational specialties (MOS). 5711s are enlisted Marines that are CBRN Defense Specialists. 5702s are Warrant Officers that are CBRN Defense Officers. Prior to the MOS name change, 5711s were known as nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) defense specialists and 5702s were known as NBC Defense Officers.
The Marine Corps runs a CBRN School to train Marine CBRN Defense Officers and Marine CBRN Defense Specialists at Fort Leonard Wood, MO.
[edit] US Army
The United States Army uses CBRN as initialism for their 74D Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Operations Specialists military occupational specialty (MOS). The United States Army trains all US Army Soldiers pursuing a career in Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) at the United States Army CBRN School at Fort Leonard Wood, MO, also known as the birthplace of all 74D's.
The term (CBRNE) is also used to define the scope of the FA-52 (Nuclear & Counterproliferation Officer) functional area community.
[edit] References
Jane's Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Defense 2006-2007, ed. John Eldridge, Surrey: Jane's 2006
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ What is CBRNe by ib consultancy
- ^ The threat of CBRNe terrorism by ib consultancy
- ^ Calgary Health Region CBRN Training
- ^ UK Resilience - Emergencies - CBRN
- ^ "CBRN". Ministry of Defence. http://www.army.mod.uk/armoured/role/1622.aspx. "Elements of 1st Royal Tank Regiment (1RTR) equipped with a variety of highly technical vehicles and specially trained personnel provide the Army's contribution to the Joint Chemical, Biological, Radiolgical and Nuclear Regiment (Jt CBRN Regt). The Regiment provides detection, survey, reconnaissance and decontamination capabilities with analysis and advice to the three Services (Army, Navy and Air Force) and, where necessary, other government departments."
US DHHS, CDC, NIOSH, NPPTL CBRN SCBA User Guidance: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cbrnapproved/scba/
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