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Chakri Dynasty

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Chakri Dynasty
Emblem of the House of Chakri
Country Kingdom of Thailand
Titles King of Siam (1782-1949)
King of Thailand (1949-Present)
Founder Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke
Current head Bhumibol Adulyadej
Founding year 1782
Ethnicity Thai

The Chakri Dynasty (also known as the House of Chakri) (Thai: ราชวงศ์จักรี) is the current ruling royal house of the Kingdom of Thailand, the Head of the house is the King of Thailand. The Dynasty has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Ratthanakosin era and the city of Bangkok in 1782 following the end of King Taksin of Thonburi's reign, when the capital of Siam shifted to Bangkok. The Royal house was founded by King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke an Ayutthayan military leader.

Prior to the founding of the dynasty, King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I), held the title of Chao Pharaya Chakri for over ten years. This title was held by the greatest warlords of Ayuthaya and was meant to reflect the prowess of the holder on the battlefield. In the founding of the dynasty King Rama I himself chose both name and emblem for the dynasty. The Chakri which provides both name and emblem to the house of Chakri, is composed of the discus (Chakra) and the trident (Trisula), the celestial weapon of the God Narayana (an avatar of Vishnu) of whom the Siamese King is seen as a personification. The coined name Chakri thus denotes the transcending force of divine strength and stability upon the physical realm. The House's dynastic seat is the Grand Palace in Bangkok.

Contents

[edit] Royal Family of Thailand

HRH Prince Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Songkla.

The present Royal Family of Thailand is descended from HRH Prince Mahidol Adulyadej of Songkla (1898 - 1929) and Srinagarindra (later Princess Mother) (1900-1995) forming the House of Mahidol (ราชสกุลมหิดล) ( a cadet branch of the Dynasty). The Prince was a son of King Chulalongkorn the Great and his wife Queen Consort Savang Vadhana. The Prince was also the half-brother of both King Vajiravudh and King Prajadhipok. After the death of King Ananda Mahidol (Prince Mahidol's elder son), the present monarch, King Bhumibol Adulyadej (the Prince's younger son) ascended the throne in 1946. In 1949 the King married his first cousin once removed, Mom Rajawongse Sirikit Kitiyakara (a daughter of Mom Chao Nakkhatra Mangkala Kitiyakara, a grandson of King Chulalongkorn).

[edit] Members

This is a list of current members of the Royal Family:

[edit] Other Members

[edit] Recently deceased members

[edit] List of Chakri Kings

King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke, founder of the Chakri Dynasty.

[edit] Vice-Kings

Main article: Front Palace

The Vice-King of Siam or the Krom Phrarajawang Baworn Sathan Mongkol (กรมพระราชวังบวรสถานมงคล) was an office created during the Ayutthaya period. Until 1885 every Chakri King had a Vice-King or (Maha Uparaja (มหาอุปราช), also often translated as Second King) who lived in the Front Palace (วังหน้า) (a palace complex to the north of the Grand Palace, National Museum). Usually the brother of the monarch, the Vice-King was designated heir to the throne, however only Prince Isarasudhorn was able to ascend the throne as King Buddha Loetla Nabhalai. The office was extremely prestigious and carried with it almost equal status to the King, this can be seen in Prince Chutamani (younger brother of King Mongkut), who was elevated to King Pinklao in 1851 (he carried with him the styles and titles of a King). The system was abolished by King Chulalongkorn when his Vice-King and cousin Prince Bovorn Vichaicharn died. He then declared his oldest son the Crown Prince of Siam, but not Vice-King.

[edit] List of Chakri Vice-Kings

Part of History of Thailand

Prehistoric Thailand
Early history of Thailand
Initial states of Thailand (3 BCE–1238)

Central Thailand

Northern Thailand

Southern Thailand
Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1448)
Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)
Thonburi Kingdom (1768–1782)
Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)
Kingdom of Thailand
Regional history
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  • Prince Maha Sura Singhanat
    สมเด็จพระบวรราชเจ้ามหาสุรสิงหนาท (1782-1802)
    • Prince Anurak Devesh
      สมเด็จเจ้าฟ้าฯ กรมพระราชวังบวรสถานพิมุข (Deputy Vice-King 1785-1806)
  • Prince Isarasundhorn (Rama II) (1806-1809)
  • Prince Maha Senanurak
    สมเด็จพระบวรราชเจ้ามหาเสนานุรักษ์ (1809-1817)
  • Prince Maha Sakdi Polsep
    สมเด็จพระบวรราชเจ้ามหาศักดิ์พลเสพ (1824-1832)
  • King Pinklao
    พระบาทสมเด็จพระปิ่นเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว (1851-1866)
  • Prince Boworn Vichaichan
    กรมพระราชวังบวรวิไชยชาญ (1868-1885)

[edit] Crown Princes

The Crown Prince of Thailand or Sayam Makutrajakuman (สยามมกุฎราชกุมาร) is the designated and heir apparent to the throne and headship of the dynasty. The title was created in 1886 when King Chulalongkorn appointed his eldest son by Princess Consort Savang Vadhana, Prince Vajirunhis as Sayam Makutrajakuman. The title was copied directly from the Western tradition. Since then, there has only been three Crown Princes. The present Crown Prince, is HRH Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn who was invested with the title in 1972.

[edit] List of Crown Princes

  • Crown Prince Maha Vajirunhis
    สมเด็จพระบรมโอรสาธิราช เจ้าฟ้ามหาวชิรุณหิศ สยามมกุฎราชกุมาร (1886- 1895) (died before he could succeed)
  • Crown Prince Maha Vajiravudh (later King Rama VI)
    สมเด็จพระบรมโอรสาธิราช เจ้าฟ้ามหาวชิราวุธ สยามมกุฎราชกุมาร (พระบาทสมเด็จพระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว) (1895-1910)
  • Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn
    สมเด็จพระบรมโอรสาธิราช เจ้าฟ้ามหาวชิราลงกรณ สยามมกุฎราชกุมาร (1972-)

[edit] Regents

The Regent of Thailand (ผู้สำเร็จราชการแทนพระองค์) as stated in the Constitution of Thailand is appointed either by the Monarch himself or by the Privy Council of Thailand, the appointment must be countersigned by the President of the National Assembly of Thailand. The circumstances for appointment of a regent in the constitution is unclear it states that a regent can be appointed : "Whenever the King is absent from the Kingdom or unable to perform His functions for any reason whatsoever" (Chapter 2, Section 18). So far a regent has only been appointed when the monarch has been in minority, when the monarch takes a foreign trip and when the monarch enters the Sangha as a monk. A regent can be both a commoner or a member of the Royal Family depending on the circumstances.

[edit] List of Regents

During the Fifith Reign (Chulalongkorn)

  • Somdet Chao Phraya Si Suriyawongse (1868-1873): until King Chulalongkorn reached his majority (20 years old)
  • Queen Regent Saovabha (1897): while King Chulalongkorn traveled to Europe in his First Grand Tour in 1897
  • Crown Prince Maha Vajiravudh (1907): while King Chulalongkorn traveled to Europe in his Second Grand Tour in 1907

During the Seventh Reign (Prajadhipok)

During the Eighth Reign (Ananda Mahidol): While the King was a minor and in Switzerland, a Regency Council of three was established, it was composed of:

  • Prince Oscar Anuvatana (1935)
  • Prince Athitaya Dibhabha (1935-1944)
  • Chao Phraya Yomarath (Pan Sukhum) (1935- 1938)
    • General Chao Phraya Phit Yenthornyothin (Um Inthornyothin) (August 1935- 1942): appointed to replace Prince Oscar after his death, he himself later died in office (was then not replaced).
    • Dr. Pridi Banomyong (1944-1946): appointed to replace Chao Phraya Yomarath, after the resignation of Prince Athitaya became the sole regent, until the return of the King in 1946.

During the Ninth Reign (present):Before the King's coronation, a regency council composed entirely of the Privy Council was appointed as regent:

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

Sister project Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Chakri dynasty
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Monarchs of Thailand
Sukhothai Kingdom

Sri Indraditya · Ban Muang · Ramkhamhaeng · Phraya Si Songklam · Lerthai · Nguanamthom · Lithai · Leuthai · Saileuthai · Borommapan
Ayutthaya Kingdom
Thonburi Kingdom
Rattanakosin Kingdom
v • d • e
Queens and Consorts of the Chakri Dynasty
Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I)
Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II)
Mongkut (Rama IV)
Chulalongkorn (Rama V)
Vajiravudh (Rama VI)
Prajadhipok (Rama VII)
Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) (current)
Bold indicate Queen Consorts; the others indicate Princess Consorts.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chakri_Dynasty"
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