Faucalized voice

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Phonation
Glottal states
From open to closed:
Voiceless (full airstream)
Breathy voice (murmur)
Slack voice
Modal voice (maximum vibration)
Stiff voice
Creaky voice (restricted airstream)
Glottalized (blocked airstream)
Supra-glottal phonation
Faucalized voice ("hollow")
Harsh voice ("pressed")
Strident (harsh trilled)
Non-phonemic phonation
Whisper
Falsetto
This box: view • talk • edit

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (August 2008)

This article relies largely or entirely upon a single source. Please help improve this article by introducing appropriate citations of additional sources. (August 2008)

Faucalized voice, also called hollow or yawny voice, is the production of speech sounds with an expanded laryngeal cavity. It contrasts with harsh voice, in which the larynx is compressed.

There is no symbol for faucalized voice in the standard IPA. Diacritics seen in the literature include the strong articulation diacritic ([a͈]) of the Extensions to the IPA. In the IPA extensions themselves, the symbol for faucalized voice is ^Ħ, as in [a^Ħ].

A well known language with faucalized voice is Korean, with its "tense" consonants. The entire vocal tract is tense, and the occlusion (closure, contact of mouth parts) lasts longer than other consonants. For this reason they are often called fortis. There also appears to be elements of stiff voice in the Korean consonants, though faucalized voice is not yet well enough described to know how common this is.

phonation	Korean	IPA	translation
tenuis	달	[tal]	moon
aspirated	탈	[tʰal]	mask
faucalized	딸	[t͈al]	daughter

The Bor dialect of Dinka has contrastive modal, breathy, faucalized, and harsh voice in its vowels, as well as three tones. The ad hoc diacritics employed in the literature are a subscript double quotation mark for faucalized voice, [a͈], and underlining for harsh voice, [a̱]. Examples are,

phonation	IPA	translation
modal	ʨìt̪	diarrhea
breathy	ʨì̤t̪	go ahead
harsh	ʨì̱t̪	scorpions
faucalized	ʨì͈t̪	to swallow

[edit] References

• Edmondson, Jerold A.; John H. Esling (2005). "The valves of the throat and their functioning in tone, vocal register, and stress: laryngoscopic case studies". Phonology (Cambridge University Press) 23: 157–191. doi:10.1017/S095267570600087X.