Oil imperialism theories
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Oil imperialism theories assert that direct and indirect control of world petroleum reserves is a root factor in current international politics.
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[edit] Control of oil
While economists and historians agree that access to and control of the access of others to important resources has throughout history been a factor in warfare and in diplomacy, oil imperialism theorists generally tend to assert that control of petroleum reserves has played an overriding role in international politics since World War I. Most critics (and some supporters) of the Gulf War and the 2003 invasion of Iraq, argue that oil imperialism was a major driving force behind these conflicts. Some theories hold that access to oil defined 20th century empires and was the key to the ascendance of the United States as the world's sole superpower and explain how an undeveloped country like Russia was able to industrialise so quickly (see Economy of the Soviet Union). Petrodollar theory states that the recent wars in Iraq are partly motivated by the desire to keep the US dollar as the international currency.
[edit] Criticism
Critics of oil imperialism theories suggest that because the United States is the third largest oil producer [1], and that it has historically been the leading oil producer in the world[1], the United States would be unlikely to predicate its foreign policy on the acquisition of oil with such an undue focus. They point out that, even relative to its consumption rate, oil is not an expensive commodity in the market.[2]
[edit] References
- ^ a b "Oil Market Basics - Supply". United States Energy Information Administration. http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/petroleum/analysis_publications/oil_market_basics/supply_text.htm. Retrieved on 2008-03-03.
- ^ "The Price of a Gallon". cockeyed.com. http://www.cockeyed.com/science/gallon/liquid.html. Retrieved on 2008-03-03.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Who has the oil? Diagram: Country by size of proven oil reserves
