Osvaldo Aranha
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Osvaldo Euclides de Sousa Aranha
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| Born | February 15, 1894 Alegrete |
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| Died | January 27, 1960 (aged 65) |
| Nationality | Brazilian |
| Alma mater | Faculdade de Direito do Rio de Janeiro |
| Occupation | Member of the Cabinet of Brazil (various positions), President of the U.N. General Assembly |
| Profession | politician, diplomat |
Osvaldo Euclides de Sousa[1] Aranha (February 15, 1894 – January 27, 1960) was a Brazilian politician, diplomat and statesman, who came to national prominence in 1930 under Getúlio Vargas.[2]
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[edit] Life
Born in Brazil in the city of Alegrete in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, he had a Bachelor of Juridical and Social Sciences. Aranha obtained his degree in law through the Law University of Rio de Janeiro (Faculdade de Direito do Rio de Janeiro) in 1916. After his graduation, he returned to the state of Rio Grande do Sul as a lawyer for eight years, establishing then a personal and professional contact with Getulio Vargas, who was also a lawyer.His first public post was that of Assistant Police Commissioner of his native state.
Aranha fought the insurrection of 1923, deflagrated by sectors that opposed the fifth consecutive re-election of Borges de Medeiros as governor of Rio Grande do Sul. By personally commanding an irregular armed force composed by civilians, Aranha fought new uprisings promoted by the opposition in the years that led to the Revolution of 1930. In 1926 he was elected Mayor of Alegrete and soon became a member of the state legislature. He then went to the National Congress in 1928 and two years later, was appointed Minister of Justice under newly elected President Vargas.
When Vargas ran as opposition candidate for president of Brazil in 1930 and lost, Aranha joined with the tenentes to convince Vargas to organize a revolt.[2] When the revolt succeeded, Aranha took the first of several positions in the Cabinet of Brazil under now-President Vargas, heading the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Justice, and the Ministry of External Relations, among other positions.[3]
Aranaha also served as Ambassador to the United States in 1934 where he gained recognition as a strong supporter of Pan-Americanism. In 1937 He returned to Brazil to head the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Dr. Aranha played a large roll in the Rio de Janeiro Conference of 1942.
While serving as Minister of External Relations, Brazil took part in the first three consultative meetings of the Ministers of External Relations of the American Republics which defined Pan-American policy during the early stages of World War II and worked out the recommendation for the collective severance of diplomatic relations with the Axis Powers.[4]
At the first Special Session of the U.N. General Assembly held in 1947, Oswaldo Aranha, then head of the Brazilian delegation to the U.N., began a tradition that has remained until today whereby the first speaker at this major international forum is always a Brazilian.[5]
[edit] Honor in Israel
As the head of the Brazilian delegation to the U.N., Aranha supported and heavily lobbied for the partition of Palestine toward the creation of the State of Israel. Streets in Israeli cities such as Beer-Sheva and Ramat-Gan, and a square in Jerusalem are named after Aranha. in 2007, a street in Tel Aviv was named in his honor at a ceremony attended by his relatives and Brazil's ambassador to Israel.[6]
[edit] Footnotes and references
- ^ Sometimes spelled "Souza"
- ^ a b Osvaldo Aranha from U·X·L Newsmakers, via findarticles.com
- ^ Strong Arm's Strong Arm, a June 1954 article from Time magazine
- ^ Oswaldo Aranha from the United Nations website
- ^ Oswaldo Aranha from Brazil's Ministry of External Relations website
- ^ "Tel Aviv Street Named for Brazilian", Dateline World Jewry, World Jewish Congress, September, 2007
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[edit] External links
- Aranha on the cover of the January 19, 1942 issue of Time
