Palaemonidae

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Palaemonidae
Pederson's shrimp, Periclimenes pedersoni a cleaner shrimp of the Pontoniinae
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Crustacea Class: Malacostraca Subclass: Eumalacostraca Superorder: Eucarida Order: Decapoda Suborder: Pleocyemata Infraorder: Caridea Superfamily: Palaemonoidea Family: Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815
Subfamilies
Palaemoninae Rafinesque, 1815 Pontoniinae Kingsley, 1878 [verification needed]

The Palaemonidae are a family of crustaceans of the order Decapoda. They belong to the infraorder Caridea, which contains the true shrimps; while some freshwater palaemonid species are known as "prawns", the family belongs to the suborder Pleocyemata like all true shrimps, whereas the true prawns are members of the suborder Dendrobranchiata.

Two subfamilies are distinguished: the Palaemoninae are less diverse phylogenetically, but more diverse ecologically. They are mainly carnivores that eat small invertebrates and can be found in any aquatic habitat except the deep sea. The most significant palaemonine genus is Macrobrachium.

The Pontoniinae have a higher evolutionary diversity, but almost all of them inhabit coral reefs, where they associate with certain invertebrates such as sponges, cnidarians, mollusks and echinoderms. This group includes cleaner shrimps as well as parasites and commensals. They generally feed on detritus, though some are carnivores and hunt tiny animals.

Some of the palaemonid genera – like Calathaemon, Climeniperaeus and perhaps Cryphiops – are basal or incertae sedis and cannot be assigned to a subfamily.

[edit] Genera

Allopontia Bruce, 1972 Altopontonia Bruce, 1990 Amphipontonia Bruce, 1991 Anapontonia Bruce, 1966 Anchistus Borradaile, 1898 Apopontonia Bruce, 1976 Araiopontonia Fujino and Miyake, 1970 Balssia Kemp, 1922 Brachycarpus Bate, 1888 Calathaemon Bruce and Short, 1993 Carinopontonia Bruce, 1988 Chacella Bruce, 1986 Chernocaris Johnson, 1967 Climeniperaeus A. J. Bruce, 1996 Conchodytes Peters, 1852 Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860 Coutierea Nobili, 1901 Cryphiops Dana, 1852 Ctenopontonia Bruce, 1979 Dasella Lebour, 1945 Dasycaris Kemp, 1922 Diapontonia Bruce, 1986 Epipontonia Bruce, 1977 Eupontonia Bruce, 1971 Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 Exopontonia Bruce, 1988 Fennera Holthuis, 1951 Hamiger Borradaile, 1916 Hamodactyloides Fujino, 1973 Hamodactylus Holthuis, 1952 Hamopontonia Bruce, 1970 Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917 Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966 Isopontonia Bruce, 1982 Jocaste Holthuis, 1952 Leander E. Desmarest, 1849 Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950 Lipkebe Chace, 1969 Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 Mesopotonia Bruce, 1967 Metapotonia Bruce, 1967

Miopotonia Bruce, 1985 Nematopalaemon Holthius, 1950 Neoanchistus Bruce, 1975 Neopontonides Holthuis, 1951 Notopontonia Bruce, 1991 Onycocaridella Bruce, 1981 Onycocaridites Bruce, 1987 Onycocaris Nobili, 1904 Orthopontonia Bruce, 1982 Palaemon Palaemonella Dana, 1852 Palaemonetes Paraclimenaeus Bruce, 1988 Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952 Parapontonia Bruce, 1968 Paratypton Balss, 1914 Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915 Periclimenes Costa, 1844 Pericliminoides Bruce, 1990 Philarius Holthuis, 1952 Platycaris Holthuis, 1952 Platypontonia Bruce, 1968 Plesiopontonia Bruce, 1985 Pliopontonia Bruce, 1973 Pontonia Latreille, 1829 Pontonides Borradaile, 1917 Pontoniopsis Borradaile, 1915 Propontonia Bruce, 1969 Pseudocoutierea Holthuis, 1951 Pseudopontonides Heard, 1986 Stegopontonia Nobili, 1906 Tectopontonia Bruce, 1973 Thaumastocaris Kemp, 1922 Tuleariocaris Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1965 Typton O. G. Costa, 1844 Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915 Veleronia Holthuis, 1951 Veleroniopsis Gore, 1981 Vir Holthuis, 1952 Waldola Holthuis, 1951 Zenopontonia Bruce, 1975

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