Administrative divisions of Cambodia
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There are several types of administrative divisions of Cambodia. The country is divided into twenty-three provinces (ខេត្ត, khaet) and one province-level municipality (ក្រុង, krong). Provinces are further subdivided into districts (ស្រុក, srŏk), which are divided into communes (ឃុំ, khum), then further divided into villages (phum). The municipality is divided into sections (ខ័ណ្ឌ, khan), which are divided into quarters (សង្កាត់, sangkat), and further divided into groups (krom).
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[edit] First-level divisions: provinces and municipalities
Provinces (khaet) and municipalities (krong) are Cambodia's first-level administrative divisions. In the listing below, municipalities are in italics. Provinces and municipalities are divided into districts (srŏk) and sections (khan), respectively. On 22nd December, 2008, King Norodom Sihamoni signed a Royal Decree that changed the municipalities of Kep, Pailin and Sihanoukville into provinces, as well as adjusting several provincial borders.(News item)
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[edit] Second-level divisions: districts and sections
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Districts (srŏk) are subdivisions of provinces and consist of multiple communes (khum). A section (khan) is a subdivision of a municipality and consists of multiple quarters (sangkat).
[edit] Lower-level divisions
[edit] Communes (khum)
Communes (Khmer: ឃុំ, khum) are subdivisions of districts. Communes consist of multiple villages (phum).
[edit] Villages (phum)
Villages (phum), the basic geographical and administrative subdivision in Cambodia, are subdivisions of communes (khum).
During the Khmer Rouge years and under the Communist government in power during the Vietnamese occupation of Cambodia villages were further subdivided into 'groups' (krom) of 15-20 households who were led by a group leader (Meh Krom). However, this system is no longer part of the official administrative system and is now unevenly applied.
The administrative head of a Phum is the village chief (Protean Phum) who is usually assisted by a deputy. Village chiefs report to the leader of the commune or commune chief (Meh Khum). Village chiefs come under the authority of the Ministry of Interior which is responsible for administration and the National Police. Prior to 2006, village chiefs were government appointed and required ministerial approval after a nomination from the commune. However, in 2006 Cambodia held its first election for village chiefs.
[edit] City quarters (sangkat)
The municipalities (large urban areas - for example, Phnom Penh) are divided into districts called khan. These khan are further divided into quarters called sangkat which is the basic administrative level of local areas in the city.
[edit] History
In 1975 the Khmer Rouge government did away with all former Cambodian traditional administrative divisions. Instead of provinces, "Democratic Kampuchea" was divided into seven geographic zones: The Northwest, the North, the Northeast, the East, the Southwest, the West and the Center.
These zones were derived from divisions established by the Khmer Rouge when they fought against the Khmer Republic led by general Lon Nol.[1]
[edit] References
- ^ James A. Tyner, The Killing of Cambodia
[edit] External links
[edit] See also
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